From a scientific point of consideration of physical preparation is a process designed to adapt the body to a training influences. Pressures applied during this type of training, serve as a stimulus that excites accommodating changes in the body. Training effect is determined by the orientation and the same quantity of physiological and biochemical changes that occur under the influence of loads used. Depth carried out with shifts in the body depends on the main features of the applied load: o intensity and duration produced by movements; o the number of repetitions of exercises; o the duration and nature of the intervals of rest between the repetition of movements. A certain connection parameters listed physical activity leads to the required changes in the body, to the restructuring of metabolism and, consequently, an increase natrenirovannosti. Adaptation of the body to the effects of heavy loads has a certain character. In connection with this distinguished 2 periods of adaptation: a fixed-term and chronic. The period of emergency timeserving activity is reduced mainly to a shift of active exchange and associated with the process of autonomic functions on the basis of the existing enforcement mechanisms, and is a direct response against the impact of significant one-time loads. With the recurrence of physical effects and summarize the numerous traces of loads, gradually emerging long-term adaptation. This stage involves the formation in the body of the functional and structural changes occurring as a result of stimulation of the genetic apparatus loaded in the process of cells. With long-term adaptation to physical exercise activates the connection of nucleic acids and specific proteins, resulting in an increase in the capacity of the locomotor system, improving its energy supply. Phase nature of the processes of adaptation to physical exercise provides an opportunity to provide three kinds of effects produced in response to activity. Speed training data, which appears directly in the implementation of exercise and during the rapid recovery within 1 hour at the end of action. At this time there appeared during the removal of oxygen starvation. Intermission training effect, the essence of which organizes the stimulation of physical exercise certain processes for excess connections destroyed during the cell structures as well as compensation for the energy capacity of the human body. This effect can be observed in the later periods of recovery. The total training effect - is the result of a coherent summation of the second term and the results of repeated loads. As a result, cumulative effects of trace physical effects for many stages of training (over 1 month) is increasing evidence of efficiency and improvement of sporting achievements. To achieve a clear effect of the total training required to carry out the workload exceeds the amount of inefficient loads. If the load exceeds the maximum permissible level, it develops the state re trenirovannosti, there is the problem of adaptation. Adaptation to physical loads